Parts of the plant used: flowers and beards or the whole plant dried in the sunZones of influence on the human body: the liver and gallbladder meridiansFlavor: spicy and bitter- eliminates liver fire and brightens the eyes - lifts knots and eliminates nodules and lumps (TAN) 疏痰散瘀结.- lowers blood pressure (modern research)To be used in case of:- Burning up of Liver Fire: pain, swelling and redness of eyes, eyeball pain, photophobia, tearing, blurred vision, dizziness, headache - Excess of Liver YANG: dizziness, headache, dysphoria / restlessness and restlessness ( FAN ZAO), restless heat (FAN RE), impatience, easy anger, insomnia - Liver Stagnation: eyeball pain worse at night - Liver Blood Deficiency: eyeball pain worse at night, chronic pain - Conjunctivitis (research modern).- Scrofules, adenopathies, isolated subcutaneous nodules (TAN HE) between the nape of the neck, the neck and the mandible, goiter: _ Alone in decoction._ Alone in soft extract (AO GAO) to be taken frequently._ ointment / ointment for external use.- Etc…- Inflammation of the breast, swelling of the breast, mumps - HTA (modern research) by rising Liver Fire or Liver YANGDosage: 10g to 15g (6-10g).Up to 30g according to some Chinese pharmacopoeia books- Intravenous hypotensive action of the decoction in rabbits (100mg/kg);- Increase in the capacity of contraction of the heart muscle by administration in vitro of the diluted decoction, decrease in the capacity of contraction of the heart muscle by administration of the concentrated decoction in rabbits and toads;- Anti-inflammatory action;- Bacteriostatic action;- Aid in the synthesis and secretion of corticosteroids in rats and mice, - Injection of the solution causes atrophy of the thymus and spleen, and lymphocytopenia.“Pungent and bitter in taste, it is slightly Cold, and its nature predisposes it to treat pure YANG.It invigorates Liver Blood, moderates Liver Fire, removes internal Heat, disperses Qi knots.It treats goiters and scrofula (YING LI), Humidity BI (SHI BI), night pains of the eyeball.Lou Quan Shan says, “The eyeball is related to the root of the eye, it is the [organic] system of the eye.In case of nocturnal pain, bitter and cold medicines will aggravate the condition, because night and cold are both YIN in nature.XIA KU has a nature that predisposes him [to treat] pure YANG, to tonify the blood vessels of JUEYIN, which explains his marvelous action, because YANG harmonizes YIN.The white part of the eyes comes under YANG and therefore in case of daytime pain, bitter and cold products are effective.The black part of the eyes is YIN and therefore in case of nocturnal pain, bitter and cold products will aggravate the condition.It sprouts in early winter and wilts in early summer, hence its name "wilted plant in summer."The leaves and stems are used.»This product is important for treating cancerous tumors (ZHONG LIU 肿瘤): it is one of the main products for treating lymphosarcomas in particular.